What system provides metrics and calculation tools for assessing the impact and exploitability of vulnerabilities?

The system that provides metrics and calculation tools for assessing the impact and exploitability of vulnerabilities is the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS). CVSS is widely used in the field of cybersecurity to assign severity scores to vulnerabilities, enabling organizations to prioritize their response efforts based on the potential impact and exploitability of a given vulnerability.

By offering a standardized method for rating vulnerabilities, CVSS facilitates a common language for security professionals, helping them to assess and communicate the severity of vulnerabilities more effectively. This scoring system provides detailed classifications, including environmental metrics that take into account the context in which the vulnerability exists, allowing for a more tailored assessment of its risks.

Other options, while related to vulnerability management and assessment, serve different purposes. The National Vulnerability Database (NVD) provides a comprehensive database of known vulnerabilities but does not offer calculation tools directly; it utilizes CVSS scores but does not assess impact independently. The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system standardizes how vulnerabilities are identified and referenced but does not provide scores or metrics itself. Static testing refers to a method of code analysis but does not apply specifically to vulnerability assessment metrics. Each of these serves valuable roles in vulnerability management, but the correct answer emphasizes the specific focus on