What does elevation of privilege mean in a security context?

In a security context, elevation of privilege refers to the act of transforming a limited account into one with higher privileges. This concept is crucial because it represents a significant vulnerability within systems where users or attackers may seek to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data or critical system functions beyond their intended permissions.

When a user is able to elevate their privileges, they can perform actions such as modifying system settings, accessing restricted information, or even compromising other accounts. This can occur through various methods, such as exploiting software vulnerabilities or misconfigurations, making it essential for security professionals to implement and enforce proper access controls and conduct regular privilege audits.

Understanding elevation of privilege is vital for creating effective security policies, as it emphasizes the importance of maintaining strict controls over who can access various system features and data. By doing so, organizations can better protect themselves from internal threats and external attacks that target vulnerable accounts.